While homogeneous and heterogeneous classrooms are all common approaches, there is also a third placement method, and it is called ability grouping. The latter doesn’t consider the age or the grade a particular student is attending but rather their proficiency in a specific class.
Thus, you may have students that are 2nd and 6th grade attending the same classroom, which is quite common for individually gifted kids or those that have certain learning disabilities. Keep in mind that in most cases, these groups consist of up to 10 students and have a customized curriculum.
Who Determines Ability Groups?
In most cases, an educator’s job is to evaluate the grades, proficiency, and acquired knowledge of a particular student before placing them in an ability group. The pen and pencil tests are the most effective way to determine whether someone belongs to a higher or a lower classroom.
Keep in mind that a student who later excels in a specific class can be moved to a higher ability group and vice versa. Thus, if the educator determines that their initial evaluation wasn’t as precise, they can move children who require more education in a particular matter to lower groups.
How Does Ability Grouping Work?
Given that the students are grouped by their proficiency and knowledge, the instruction pace is usually the one that all of the students are comfortable with. As the class progresses, the educator may decide to spend more or less time on specific assignments, allowing them to show particular interest or ask a question about a designated matter.
The Positives Of Ability Grouping
One of the coolest points about ability grouping is that educators have an easier time presenting the curriculum and targeting instruction according to the level of students in the group.
Additionally, the fact that most of the students are of the same proficiency will allow them to have more confidence when it comes to entering discussions and openly stating opinions on some issues. This is something that a lot of children have a problem within regular classrooms for the fear that they will either be mocked (for being “wrong”) or marked as “nerds.”
The Negatives Of Ability Grouping
The main issue is that once a student is placed in an ability group, they may not get back to the regular track. This means that someone who had temporary learning disabilities cannot join their peers as they spent too much time away from the traditional classroom instructions.
Concluding Thoughts
Much like with homogeneous and heterogeneous placement, ability grouping is something that should be well thought out. Yes, it does carry a set of potential advantages for the designated students, but it shouldn’t undermine one’s need for a more individualized approach.
