Religious education plays a significant role in shaping students’ beliefs, values, and understanding of the world. Teaching students about different religions foster empathy, tolerance, and peaceful coexistence among people from diverse backgrounds. One of the essential subjects in religious education is understanding the differences between Catholicism and Christianity – two major branches of the Christian faith.
While many people use the terms Catholic and Christian interchangeably, there are essential distinctions between the two that warrant clarification. In this article, we will explore these differences to help educators impart accurate knowledge to their students.
The Roots of Christianity and Catholicism
To teach students about the differences between Catholics and Christians, it is crucial to begin with the origins of Christianity and subsequently Catholicism as its largest denomination. Christianity emerged in the first century AD, following the teachings of Jesus Christ. Regarded as the Son of God by Christians, Jesus’ mission was to spread love, forgiveness, and salvation. After his crucifixion, his followers continued disseminating his teachings.
Catholicism developed as a distinct denomination within Christianity following a series of internal disagreements within early Christendom. The structure and doctrines then evolved under various popes’ leadership, leading to a more centralized authority vested in the Roman Catholic Church.
Key Differences Between Catholics and Christians
Authority Structure
One primary distinction between Catholics and Christians lies in their respective authority structures. The Catholic Church follows a hierarchical organization led by the Pope in Rome. Other essential roles within the church hierarchy include cardinals, bishops, priests, and deacons.
In contrast, Protestant churches – which comprise most non-Catholic Christians – have varying governance structures depending on their specific denomination. However, many adopt a more decentralized approach compared to the Catholic Church.
Sacraments
Catholicism recognizes seven sacraments: Baptism, Eucharist, Confirmation, Reconciliation, Anointing of the Sick, Holy Orders, and Matrimony. These sacraments are essential religious rites believed to bestow divine grace upon participants.
Most Christian denominations, on the other hand, recognize only two sacraments: Baptism and the Lord’s Supper (often called Communion or the Eucharist). This distinction is rooted in the belief that only these two sacraments were directly instituted by Jesus Christ.
The Role of Mary
Catholics accord significant importance to the Virgin Mary – Jesus Christ’s mother – and refer to her as Theotokos (God-bearer) or the Mother of God. They believe in her Immaculate Conception (that she was born without sin) and her Assumption into Heaven. Catholics often pray to Mary for intercession with Jesus on their behalf.
In comparison, most Christians acknowledge the importance of Mary as Jesus’ mother but do not bestow upon her similar devotional significance.
