Introduction:
As music educators, it is important to provide our students with a well-rounded understanding of various musical eras. One era worth exploring for its rich musical history and unique instruments is the medieval period (spanning from the 5th to the early 15th centuries). This article offers guidance on teaching students about medieval music instruments, their history, and how to integrate them into your curriculum.
1. The Basics of Medieval Music Instruments
Before delving into specific instruments, it’s important to discuss the general characteristics of medieval music that set it apart from other eras. Examples include plainchant (monophonic vocal music), early polyphony (the combination of two or more melodic lines), and the use of modes rather than scales.
Once students understand these basics, teachers can introduce the unique instruments used during this period. Some of the most popular medieval instruments include:
– Lute: A plucked string instrument akin to the modern guitar
– Psaltery: A plucked or bowed string instrument similar to a zither
– Hurdy-gurdy: A mechanical violin operated by a crank handle
– Organistrum: An early form of the hurdy-gurdy played by two musicians
– Vielle: A bowed string instrument similar to a fiddle
– Shawm: A loudly playing double-reed instrument which is a precursor of the oboe
2. Historical Context
While introducing these instruments, it’s important to provide historical context for their development and significance. Discuss what kind of music was popular during this time – from sacred compositions in monasteries to secular songs played in courts and public spaces. Emphasize how these instruments evolved over time and influenced later developments in Western music history.
3. Practical Lessons
To help students fully grasp these concepts, incorporate practical lessons within your teachings. For instance, you can have students listen to examples of medieval music and identify the instruments they hear, compare the sounds of modern and medieval instruments, or even attempt to build their own replicas of medieval instruments using simple materials.
4. Integrating Medieval Music Into Your Curriculum
While it may seem difficult to incorporate 5th to 15th-century musical concepts into your curriculum, it is possible with a little creativity. For instance:
– In music theory lessons, teach students about the modal system and how it differs from the more familiar major/minor tonality.
– Incorporate supplemental historical materials in composition lessons, inspiring students to compose music in the style of medieval pieces.
– When discussing performance practice, compare and contrast medieval techniques with those of the Baroque or Classical periods.
Conclusion:
Teaching students about musical instruments from the medieval period is an excellent opportunity to broaden their understanding of music history and inspire more diverse music-making experiences. By exploring unique instruments and their historical context, educators can enrich their students’ musical education with a deeper appreciation for this fascinating era in music history.
