Introduction
When discussing the history of the 20th Century, it is essential to touch upon one of the most influential political entities of that era, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). The Soviet Union, or USSR, was established on December 30th, 1922, and was dissolved on December 26th, 1991. During its existence, this federation dominated Eastern Europe, and Asia and had significant influence worldwide.
While teaching students about the complexities and legacy of the USSR can be a daunting task, one way to initiate the lesson is to begin with intriguing details about its capital city: Moscow. Dive into various topics that represent Moscow’s transformation throughout the years as the backbone of this vast nation.
Moscow: Foundations and Prevalence in History
Start the lesson by discussing Moscow’s historical roots and its significance in Russian history even before the USSR:
It was founded in 1147 by Yuri Dolgoruky – a Norse-Rus (Viking) prince
The role it played during Ivan IV’s (Ivan the Terrible) reign (1547–1584)
How it continued to grow into the epicenter of trade and industry
The Capital of The Russian Empire
Discuss how Moscow became an international center during Russia’s Tsardom period:
Influential rulers such as Peter the Great (1682-1725)
Moving the capital from Moscow to St. Petersburg (1712)
Shift back to Moscow under Catherine II (1783)
III. The Formation of The Soviet Union
Cover key events concerning Moscow’s role in shaping and revolutionizing the new country:
The Bolshevik Revolution (1917) led by Vladimir Lenin
Reestablishing Moscow as capital in 1918
Lenin’s death and Joseph Stalin’s rise to power (1924)
Moscow’s Expansion During The Soviet Era
Explore the development and expansion of Moscow during the USSR. Discuss Soviet architectural wonders like Moscow State University, Komsomolskaya Station, and the infamous Seven Sisters:
Stalinist Neoclassical architecture
Housing construction projects
The 1980 Summer Olympics held in Moscow
The Fall of The Soviet Union
Finish up the lesson with a review of significant events leading to the dissolution of the USSR:
Glasnost and Perestroika (introduced by Mikhail Gorbachev)
The unsuccessful coup against Gorbachev in 1991
How Moscow reacted to the formal dissolution of The Soviet Union (December 26, 1991)
Conclusion
Teaching students about the capital of the USSR helps them understand the rich history and political conflicts that shaped not only Russia but also international relations throughout the 20th Century. By exploring Moscow’s fascinating developments, students gain insights into Soviet architecture, innovative policies, and strategic decisions that contributed to urbanism and national identity in modern-day Russia.
