Introduction
Hadrian’s Wall is a remarkable piece of history that provides insight into the Roman Empire’s presence in Britain. As an educator, teaching students about this ancient structure can be an exciting opportunity to delve into a variety of topics and disciplines. This article will discuss how to effectively teach students about Hadrian’s Wall while engaging their curiosity about history, archaeology, and ancient civilizations.
Connecting with the Roman Empire
To begin teaching students about Hadrian’s Wall, it is essential first to introduce the Roman Empire and its significance. Provide background information on how the empire stretched from the British Isles to the Middle East, dominating a vast region for centuries. Students should learn about Julius Caesar’s early invasion of Britain in 55 BCE and Emperor Claudius’ successful invasion a century later.
Introducing Hadrian’s Wall
Once students understand the context of the Roman Empire in Britain, present Hadrian’s Wall as a physical testament to their influence on the island. Discuss its construction under Emperor Hadrian in 122 CE as a means to control movement and protect Rome’s northern frontier. Explain how this fortification stretches approximately 73 miles (or 117 kilometers) across northern England, from the Irish Sea coast to the North Sea coast. Describe its features, including forts, accompanying settlements, watchtowers, and milecastles.
Highlighting Key Details
As you explore Hadrian’s Wall with your students, emphasize key details of its architecture and purpose:
1. Construction methods and materials: Teach students about the variety of construction techniques used for the wall. The eastern section was primarily built of stone, while sections towards the west were made with turf (grass) and timber.
2. Military purpose: Explain that apart from providing a physical border between Roman Britain and unconquered territories, it also housed garrisons of soldiers who would manage crossings or patrol nearby areas.
3. Civilian life: Discuss how the wall also influenced civilian life, as settlements grew along its length to serve the military personnel and their families. Share information about some of these sites, such as Vindolanda and Housesteads.
4. Preservation and surviving remains: Explain that although much of Hadrian’s Wall is gone today, some sections remain relatively intact and serve as historical sites for visitors.
Hands-on Activities and Multidisciplinary Approaches
To foster a deep appreciation for Hadrian’s Wall, consider incorporating these engaging activities:
1. Archaeological simulations: Conduct classroom exercises simulating archaeological digs, encouraging students to uncover artifacts and contemplate their significance.
2. Art and design projects: Ask students to draw or model portions of the wall inspired by photos or descriptions.
3. Geography connections: Use maps to track the wall’s path across northern England and discuss geographical features that influenced its construction.
4. Written reports or presentations: Have students research topics related to the wall, such as Roman architecture or the lives of Roman soldiers.
Conclusion
Teaching students about Hadrian’s Wall can be a fascinating journey through an essential chapter in British history. By providing context and stimulating activities, students will better understand the lasting impact of the Roman Empire on Britain’s culture and landscape. With interest in these ancient civilizations ignited, students will possess both knowledge and inspiration to explore more historical mysteries.
