The Berlin Wall, once a prominent symbol of division and oppression, played an integral role in shaping world history during the Cold War era. Providing students with a deep understanding of its historical background is essential for them to comprehend its significance in the broader context of global politics.
In this article, we will explore various methods to effectively teach students about the rich history behind the Berlin Wall, its impact on everyday lives, and the subsequent reunification of Germany.
Engaging Discussion
Begin with an interactive discussion that encourages students to share their prior knowledge of or encounters with the wall. Present images and news broadcasts from the time, so that they can visualize the circumstances leading up to and after its construction. Be sure to establish a safe and open environment for international students to discuss their perspectives on this crucial historical event without fear of judgment.
Historical Context
Dive deep into the political climate surrounding East and West Germany after World War II, emphasizing on factors like the division by Allied forces, economic disparities, and contrasting ideologies. Discuss key events such as Soviet Premier Khrushchev’s “ultimatum” speech in 1958 and President Kennedy’s “Ich bin ein Berliner” address in 1963 to offer detailed insights on significant moments during this period.
Interactive Activities
Design activities that allow students to analyze primary sources like political speeches, newspaper articles, photographs, and secret Stasi files. This hands-on approach enables them to critically evaluate information and develop a stronger connection to the subject matter. An interesting classroom idea involves tasking students with creating their own symbolic representation of the wall using different art forms.
Personal Accounts
Invite historians, eyewitnesses, or local experts for guest lectures or virtual discussions. Hearing firsthand accounts from people who experienced life on both sides of the wall adds a personal touch that deepens student understanding. Personal narratives evoke emotions that make abstract concepts more tangible and relatable.
Film and Literature
Introduce films, documentaries, or literary works from both East and West German perspectives. This helps students to comprehend the differences in lifestyles, ideologies, and artistic expressions between the two regions. Some popular examples include “The Lives of Others,” “Goodbye, Lenin!,” or “Berlin on the Brink.”
Global Impact
Finally, to provide students with a fuller picture of the wall’s repercussions, discuss its global impact from both political and cultural standpoints. For instance, analyze famous examples of graffiti art that adorned the wall or examine how iconic musicians like David Bowie and Pink Floyd were inspired by this monumental barrier.
