As educators, it is our responsibility to prepare students for citizenship and to educate them about the world in which they live. This includes teaching them about the historical and contemporary labor movement and the important role unions have played in shaping modern society. One of the most significant unions in American history is the National Labor Union (NLU), founded in 1866. Here are some ways to teach your students about this important organization and its impact on labor rights:
1. Introduce the NLU’s history: The NLU was the first national labor organization established in the United States. It was founded in reaction to the hardship and exploitation of workers during the Civil War and aimed to unite workers across industries and professions. Share primary sources such as speeches, newspaper articles, and photographs to help students understand the context of the time period.
2. Identify key leaders: There were many prominent leaders in the NLU, such as William Sylvis, the organization’s first president, and Terence Powderly, who later went on to lead the Knights of Labor. Have students research these figures and create biographical sketches or presentations about their contributions to labor organizing.
3. Discuss the NLU’s goals and accomplishments: The NLU had a number of significant goals, including the eight-hour workday, better wages and working conditions, and the establishment of a national labor bureau. Emphasize the importance of these goals and help students identify ways that they remain relevant today. Talk about the NLU’s accomplishments, such as the passage of the 8-hour workday for federal workers and the establishment of Labor Day as a national holiday.
4. Explore the NLU’s relationship with other labor organizations: The NLU was not without its challenges, including conflicts with other labor organizations such as the Knights of Labor and the American Federation of Labor (AFL). Have students discuss the reasons for these disagreements and how they impacted the NLU’s effectiveness.
5. Analyze the legacy of the NLU: Although the NLU disbanded in 1873, its legacy continued to influence labor organizing in the United States. Have students discuss how the NLU paved the way for future labor organizations and impacted the broader labor movement.
