Introduction
The Small State Plan, also known as the New Jersey Plan, holds significant importance in understanding American history. Teaching students about this plan helps them appreciate the deep-rooted discussions and compromises that shaped the United States Constitution and ultimately, the nation itself. In this article, we will discuss tips and strategies for teaching students about the Small State Plan effectively.
Historical Context
Begin by providing a thorough historical context of why the Small State Plan was proposed in the first place. Explain how, during the Constitutional Convention of 1787, delegates faced the challenge of determining proportional representation for both small and large states. Highlight the competing interests and concerns of these states that led to William Paterson’s introduction of the Small State Plan.
Key Principles of the Small State Plan
Ensuring that students understand the plan’s key principles is crucial to grasping its significance. Explain how the plan called for equal representation of each state in Congress and maintaining a unicameral legislature. Discuss how it aimed to revise and amend the existing Articles of Confederation instead of creating an entirely new constitution.
Comparing with the Large State Plan
To develop a comprehensive understanding, teach students about the contrasting Large State Plan or Virginia Plan as well. Explain how this plan favored proportional representation based on each state’s population or tax contributions, which would grant more influence to larger states. An engaging activity to compare these plans is hosting debates where students represent various state positions – enabling them not only to learn from their roles but also from listening to their peers.
Discussing Criticisms and Support
Acknowledge both criticisms of and support for the Small State Plan by highlighting key arguments from both sides during that period. This will enable students to understand why some delegates viewed it as unfairly favoring small states while others viewed it as essential in preserving sovereignty.
The Great Compromise
Teach your students about the Great Compromise, also known as the Connecticut Compromise, which ultimately resolved the issue of state representation. This compromise combined aspects of both the Small State Plan and Large State Plan by establishing a bicameral legislature consisting of an Upper (Senate) and Lower house (House of Representatives). The former would provide equal representation for each state (Small State Plan), while the latter would offer proportional representation based on population (Large State Plan).
Interactive Activities
Reinforce learning by engaging students in interactive activities such as role-playing, group discussions, or analyzing historical documents to uncover various perspectives. Encourage students to think critically and develop their own opinions about the significance, merits, and drawbacks of the Small State Plan.
Conclusion
Teaching students about the Small State Plan is a vital component in understanding American history and appreciating the complexities that shaped it. By providing historical context, discussing key principles, comparing with contrasting plans, and involving students in interactive activities, educators can create dynamic lessons that help foster a deeper appreciation for this foundational period in U.S. history.
