The Vikings were a group of people who lived in what is now Scandinavia from about the 8th century to the 11th century. They were known for their seafaring abilities, raiding, trading, exploration, and ultimately, their impact on European history. For young students learning about the Vikings, it is important to understand where they came from and the areas in which they lived.
To begin, it is crucial to introduce students to the geography of Scandinavia. Scandinavia is a region in Northern Europe that includes the countries of Norway, Sweden, and Denmark. This area is known for its fjords, mountains, forests, and harsh winters. Students can learn about how these geographical features influenced the Viking way of life, such as their reliance on fishing, hunting, and farming.
Next, students can learn about the specific locations where Vikings settled and established communities. These locations include Scandinavia, the British Isles, Iceland, Greenland, and Vinland (present-day Newfoundland, Canada). Students can use maps to locate and label these places, and discuss what factors influenced Viking settlement in each location.
In particular, students can learn about the Viking expansion into the British Isles. The Vikings first came to England in the late 8th century, and quickly established control over large parts of northern and eastern England. They also invaded Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. Students can discuss the reasons for the Viking invasions, such as a desire for land, treasure, and power. They can also learn about the lasting impact the Vikings had on these regions, such as the influence of Old Norse on the English language.
Another important location for students to learn about is Iceland, which was settled by Vikings in the 9th century. Students can learn about the challenges the Vikings faced in settling this remote and difficult-to-reach island, as well as the unique culture and society they developed there. They can also learn about the sagas, which are stories of Viking heroes and legends that were written down and preserved in Iceland.
Finally, students can learn about the Viking settlement in Vinland, which was established around the year 1000. This is the only known Viking settlement in North America, and students can discuss the reasons for its founding and the challenges the Vikings faced in sustaining themselves in this hostile environment.
Teaching students about the Vikings’ location and settlements is essential for understanding their history and impact on Europe and the world. By using maps, discussing geography, and exploring specific locations, students can gain a deeper appreciation for the Vikings’ way of life and achievements.
