Parenting

Helicopters have always been an object of fascination for both children and adults. The way they hover and maneuver through the sky intrigues many. If you have ever wanted to make a simple flying toy at home, a DIY helicopter craft might be the perfect project for you! In this article, we will guide you through the steps to create a fun and engaging helicopter craft that you can enjoy with your kids or even by yourself.

Materials Required:

– Cardboard

– Scissors

– Ruler

– Pencil

– Colored construction paper

– Glue or adhesive tape

– A wooden dowel (or a pencil)

– A small plastic bottle cap

Step 1: Prepare Cardboard Pieces

Start by cutting out two rectangular pieces from the cardboard. One piece should measure 8 inches by 1 inch, and the other should measure 5 inches by 1 inch. These will form the main rotor blades of your helicopter.

Step 2: Attach Blades to Dowel

Take your wooden dowel (or pencil), and lay it down on the table horizontally. Place the longer cardboard piece on top of the dowel, aligning its center with that of the dowel. Similarly, place the shorter cardboard piece directly below the dowel, again aligning their centers. Now secure both pieces of cardboard onto the dowel using glue or adhesive tape.

Step 3: Fold Blades

Gently fold both cardboard blades upwards so that they sit at a slight angle (around 45 degrees). This will help them catch the air when your helicopter spins, creating lift.

Step 4: Create Helicopter Body

Cut out a rectangle from colored construction paper measuring about 6 inches by 4 inches. Roll it into a cylindrical shape, sealing its overlapping edges with glue or adhesive tape. This will form the body of your helicopter.

Step 5: Attach Rotor Assembly to Body

Slide the wooden dowel (with the attached blades) through the top opening of your construction paper cylinder. Once the dowel has passed through, secure it by using glue or adhesive tape to affix a small plastic bottle cap at the end of the dowel.

Step 6: Tail Fin and Stabilizer

Cut two triangular shapes from colored construction paper. One should be larger than the other; this will become your tail fin, while the smaller one becomes your horizontal stabilizer. Attach both triangles to opposite ends of the cylindrical body, with the tail fin near the rotor assembly, and the stabilizer at the other end of the cylinder.

Step 7: Decorate Your Helicopter

Now comes the fun part – decorating your DIY helicopter craft! Get creative with paints, markers, stickers, or glitter – anything that will personalize your new flying toy.

Step 8: Enjoy Your Flying Toy

Hold your helicopter at a height and let it go! Observe how its rotor blades spin as it falls towards the ground, simulating a real helicopter in flight. Experiment with different throwing techniques to see how they impact flight performance.

In Conclusion:

The DIY helicopter craft is not only an easy and fun project but also an excellent way to teach kids about aerodynamics and engineering principles. Creating this flying toy will undoubtedly provide hours of entertainment for all involved. So grab some cardboard, a dowel (or pencil), and let’s get crafting!

As parents, you may find it challenging to discuss puberty with your children. Fortunately, numerous educational books can help you guide and support your kids during this sensitive phase in their lives. In this article, we recommend 20 books that cover a diverse range of topics on puberty.

1. “The Care and Keeping of You: The Body Book for Younger Girls” by Valorie Schaefer

2. “It’s Perfectly Normal: Changing Bodies, Growing Up, Sex, and Sexual Health” by Robie H. Harris

3. “American Girl: The Feelings Book” by Lynda Madison

4. “The Boys’ Guide to Growing Up” by Peter Mayle

5. “What’s Happening to My Body? Book for Boys” by Lynda Madaras

6. “What’s Happening to My Body? Book for Girls” by Lynda Madaras

7. “The Period Book: A Girl’s Guide to Growing Up” by Karen Gravelle

8. “The Boy’s Body Book: Everything You Need to Know for Growing Up YOU!” by Kelli Dunham

9. “Girlology: A Girl’s Guide to Stuff That Matters” by Melisa Holmes, M.D., and Trish Hutchison, M.D.

10. “Puberty Girl: Shushann Movsessian’s Guide to Gaining Confidence & Understanding Your Body” by Shushann Movsessian

11. “Period Power” by Nadya Okamoto

12. “Ready, Set, Grow!: A What’s Happening to My Body? Book for Younger Girls” by Lynda Madaras

13. “It’s Not the Stork!: A Book about Girls, Boys, Babies, Bodies & Families” by Robie H. Harris

14. “The Girl’s Guide to Adulthood: A Collection of Helpful Hints for a Smooth Transition into Womanhood” by Moira K. Jaremko

15. “Your Growing Body and Remarkable Reproductive System” by Paul Mason

16. “Changes in You & Me: A Book about Puberty, Mostly for Boys” by Paulette Bourgeois and Martine Gourbault

17. “Changes in You & Me: A Book about Puberty, Mostly for Girls” by Paulette Bourgeois and Martine Gourbault

18. “Hello Flo: The Guide, Period.” by Naama Bloom

19. “Will Puberty Last My Whole Life? REAL Answers to REAL Questions from Preteens about Body Changes, Sex, and Other Growing-Up Stuff” by Julie Metzger, RN, MN, and Robert Lehman, MD

20. “Everything You Need to Know About Growing Up Male: A Complete & Informative Guide for Boys” by Cheri J. Meiners

These books present age-appropriate explanations of the physical and emotional changes children experience during puberty. By reading these books together with your child, you can foster open communication and understanding about this important life stage.

Introduction:

Being a parent or teacher is both challenging and rewarding, especially when it comes to connecting with kids. Having a strong connection allows for more meaningful conversations, increased learning opportunities, and an overall more satisfying life for both the adult and child. Here are 25 ideas that parents and teachers can implement to foster better connections with children.

1. Set aside dedicated one-on-one time: Ensure you spend quality time with your child or student without any distractions.

2. Listen actively: Show genuine interest in what your child is saying and be fully present during conversations.

3. Share hobbies: Children love to share their interests, so explore their hobbies together to strengthen your bond.

4. Encourage expression of emotions: Help children recognize and express their feelings in a healthy way by discussing different emotions.

5. Read together: Build a love for reading early on by sharing books and stories together.

6. Implement family game nights or classroom board game days: Encourage teamwork and friendly competition with games that everyone can participate in.

7.Use role-playing exercises: Teach empathy by putting children in various scenarios where they have to think from another person’s perspective.

8. Hold family meetings or classroom discussions: Allow children to express their thoughts on various subjects within a structured setting.

9. Establish routines: Routines create predictability, which can be comforting for children and build trust over time.

10. Cook together: Involving kids in meal preparation is not only educational, but also fun!

11. Volunteer together or get involved in community service projects: Show the importance of giving back while strengthening connections.

12. Encourage goal-setting and celebrate achievements: Empower children by helping them set realistic goals and acknowledging their hard work.

13. Share family histories or personal backgrounds with children: Relating stories from your own life helps children understand who they are and where they come from.

14. Write letters or notes to each other: Leave surprise notes of encouragement or appreciation for your child or student.

15. Encourage and support their passions: Show an interest in the things that matter most to your child.

16. Practice patience: Remember that children are learning and growing every day – be patient with their progress.

17. Collaborate on projects: Work together on a project that benefits both the adult and child, such as a garden or art piece.

18. Attend your child’s events or parent-teacher meetings: Show your support by being present for important events in their life.

19. Create traditions: Develop special traditions within your family or classroom that can be carried on through the years.

20. Provide a safe space for conversation: Make sure your child knows that they can talk to you without judgment or fear of punishment.

21. Surprise them with small acts of kindness: Random acts of kindness go a long way in creating trust and connection.

22. Model good social skills: Demonstrate respectful communication and problem-solving by interacting positively with others.

23. Play sports together or get involved in physical activities: Bonding over activities builds teamwork and camaraderie.

24. Teach life skills and share wisdom: Empower children with practical knowledge that will benefit them in real-life scenarios.

25. Always remind them you love them: Whether it’s verbalizing it, writing it, or showing it through actions – make sure the children in your life know they are loved.

Conclusion:

Connecting with kids takes time, effort, and consistency, but the rewards are worth it. By using these 25 ideas, parents and teachers can create stronger connections that will positively impact children’s lives for years to come.

Mother’s Day is a special occasion to show our love and appreciation for the amazing women in our lives who nurture and care for us. It’s the perfect time for kids to express their gratitude and participate in various activities to make their mom feel extra special. This Mother’s Day, why not create a floral-themed celebration for your mom? Here are 15 engaging activities that kids can do on this special day.

1. Homemade Floral Cards: Encourage your child’s creativity by making a floral card using construction paper, watercolors, markers, or crayons. Kids can draw flowers or use flower-shaped stencils and add a loving note.

2. Flower Pot Decorating: Purchase plain terra-cotta pots and let the kids paint or decorate them with floral patterns. Once dry, fill with soil and plant mom’s favorite flowers.

3. Floral Photoshoot: Set up a mini photography studio complete with floral backdrops, flower crowns, and props. Take candid photos of mom with her children for a memorable keepsake.

4. DIY Perfume Making: Research natural ingredients that can be used in perfumes, such as lavender and rose petals. Guide kids in making a custom scent specifically for their mom.

5. Flower Arranging Workshop: Collect fresh flowers from your local market or your garden, then teach kids how to properly arrange them in vases for an elegant centerpiece or bouquet.

6. Mother’s Day Brunch: Create a floral-inspired menu for a brunch featuring dishes like lavender lemonade, rose petal jam toast, and edible flower salads.

7. Flower Relay Race: Organize a relay race with a floral twist—participants must pass along stems of flowers to one another instead of traditional batons.

8. Floral Collages: Begin by having kids search through magazines and cut out images of colorful flowers. Later, encourage them to create a unique collage that showcases the myriad beauty of floral designs.

9. Paper Flower Bouquets: Teach kids how to make paper flowers from colorful tissue or crepe paper and arrange them in a bouquet for mom.

10. Flower Pressing: Go on a nature walk and collect delicate flowers. Then, help kids press the flowers between the pages of heavy books until they are preserved.

11. Musical Chairs With Flower Crowns: Enjoy a fun game of musical chairs, but instead of sitting on chairs, have the kids place flower crowns on the ground to claim their spot!

12. Mother’s Day Theatre: Have kids put together a small skit or play about the importance and joy of motherhood while incorporating flower props.

13. Seed Bomb Making: Make eco-friendly seed bombs using flower seeds, soil, and clay that can be planted in gardens or shared with friends.

14. Storytime: Gather children around and read stories featuring flowers and gardens, such as “The Secret Garden,” “Miss Rumphius,” and “Chrysanthemum.”

15. Window Display Decorating: Encourage kids to draw or paint their favorite flower designs on home windows with washable markers or paints for mom to enjoy.

With these 15 engaging activities, you will not only brighten your mom’s day but also teach children valuable skills like creativity, teamwork, communication, and love for nature. Let this Mother’s Day become an unforgettable floral affair!

1. Create a reward system: Use a chart with stickers or small treats to track progress. Your child will feel accomplished and motivated to continue potty training.

2. Read potty-themed books: There are plenty of books that tell funny and relatable stories about potty training. Reading them can make the process more enjoyable.

3. Watch potty-training videos together: Some entertaining and educational videos encourage kids to use the toilet in a fun way.

4. Sing potty-training songs: Make up silly songs about using the toilet, or find existing ones online to sing along.

5. Use positive reinforcement: Offer plenty of praise and verbal encouragement for every success.

6. Decorate the potty: Let your child help you pick out and accessorize their own potty or toilet seat cover to make it special.

7. Role-playing with toys: Help your child understand the process by reenacting it with their favorite toys.

8. Potty Training Parties: Celebrate milestones with small, family celebrations to strengthen motivation.

9. Incorporate technology: Use phone apps or tablet games that teach children about using the bathroom properly.

10. Add some fun toilet paper: Purchase toilet paper decorated with their favorite characters to make bathroom trips more enjoyable.

11. Choreograph a “potty dance”: Create a unique dance routine that your child can perform after successfully using the bathroom.

12. Toilet targets: Make aim practice fun by placing targets for boys in the toilet bowl.

13. Use colorful underwear: Bright colors and fun patterns can make transitioning from diapers less daunting for your child.

14. Fun handwashing routines: Teach your child engaging handwashing songs, ensuring cleanliness becomes an enjoyable habit during this process.

15. Timer games: Set a timer for regular bathroom breaks, turning the act into an exciting challenge.

16. Create a “potty passport”: Record your child’s potty training journey with fun stamps or stickers for each successful trip.

17. Offer bathroom entertainment: Provide books, toys, or puzzles to make the experience an enjoyable one.

18. Dress-up time: Let your child pick out special “big-kid” clothes that can only be worn once they’re potty trained.

19. Multi-sensory experience: Add scented drops or colored tablets to the toilet water for a magical bathroom experience.

20. Fun lighting: Make night-time bathroom trips less intimidating by providing themed night lights or glow-in-the-dark decorations.

21. Normalize the process: Encourage older siblings and friends to share their potty training experiences to ease anxiety and stress.

22. Set up milestones: Create benchmarks for progress – like a week of success – and plan small rewards for each milestone reached throughout the potty training journey.

23. Develop independence: Offer opportunities for your child to complete different aspects of the process themselves, such as flushing and washing hands.

24. Social stories: Write short stories with your child as the main character successfully mastering potty training in various scenarios.

25. Trust and patience: Remember that every child’s journey is different and give them the support, love, and time they need during this significant transition. The more relaxed and confident you are, the more fun the experience will be for both of you.

Blended families are increasingly becoming a common feature in today’s society. As such, it’s essential to navigate the complexities that arise in these unique family dynamics. Whether you’re a stepparent, stepchild, or simply someone interested in understanding how blended families function, the following 27 books offer valuable insights into this modern family setup.

1. “The Smart Stepfamily” by Ron L. Deal

2. “Stepmonster” by Wednesday Martin

3. “The 5 Love Languages of Children” by Gary Chapman & Ross Campbell

4. “The Step-Tween Survival Guide” by Lisa Cohn & Deborah Haddix

5. “Helping Your Kids Cope with Divorce the Sandcastles Way” by M. Gary Neuman & Patricia Romanowski

6. “Stepparenting: The Expert Advice You Need to Succeed” by Susan Wisdom & Jennifer Greenberg

7. “Raising Resilient Children” by Dr. Robert Brooks & Sam Goldstein

8. “Growing Up with a Bucket Full of Happiness” by Carol McCloud

9. “Steps to Becoming a Happy Blended Family” by Josie Whitehead

10. “My Secret Life as a Stepparent” by Karen Englander

11. “Stepcoupling: Creating and Sustaining a Strong Marriage in Today’s Blended Family” by Susan Wise Bauer & James Marsalis

12. “Becoming Family: How to Build a Stepfamily that Really Works” by Chris VanderWielen & Lynne Anderson Reder

13. “Restored Adult Children of Divorce Speak: Becoming Authentic in a Blended Family Role” by Kalila Bishops-Homlish

14. “Eat, Pray, Love: One Woman’s Search for Everything Across Italy, India and Indonesia” by Elizabeth Gilbert

15. “Successful Stepparenting: Building a Strong Foundation for Your Stepfamily” by Wilma Systher & Janet Allen

16. “The Joy of Chemistry: The Amazing Science of Familiar Things” by Cathy Cobb & Monty L. Fetterolf

17. “The Stepmom Project: A Guide to Stress-Free Living in Blended Families” by Katie Nielson & Emily Hulseberg

18. “The Family Book” by Todd Parr

19. “101 Questions and Answers about Blended Families” by Kelly Jenson & Reid Kisler

20. “Managing the Blended Family: Steps to Create a Stronger, Healthier Stepfamily and Succeed at Step-Parenting” by Kathleen Lutterloh & Ellen Ramaley

21. “Stepparent Success: Strategies for the Long-Term Success of Your Marriage and Your Family” by Deborah Kerrigan & Terri Orr

22. “Blender Mommy: A DIY Approach to Creating a Happy, Healthy, and Successful Blended Family Life” by Kimberly King Parsons

23. “Stepmotherhood: How to Survive Without Feeling Frustrated, Left Out, or Wicked” by Cheri Jacobus

24. “Stepping Stones: A Guide for Mature-Aged Students Returning to University” by Jane Speedy & Sally Hardy

25. “Stay Sane Through Change® – Improving Communication Skills in Stepfamilies” by Sherri Zimmermann & Gary Direnfeld

26. “The Remarriage Blueprint: How Remarried Couples and Their Families Succeed or Fail” by Maggie Scarf

27. “Baby Steps into Parenthood: 10 Common Mistakes Parents of Blended Families Make.

Introduction:

As parents and educators, our goal is to raise confident and emotionally healthy kids. A key component of emotional well-being is the ability to find closure in various situations. Closure activities can help children deal with emotions, build resilience and confidence, and ultimately foster healthy emotional habits for a lifetime. In this article, we will explore 28 closure activities designed specifically for kids to aid them in becoming calm, confident individuals.

1. Breathing Exercises: Teach your child deep breathing techniques to release tension and provide a sense of calm during stressful times.

2. Guided Imagery: Utilize guided imagery exercises to help kids replace negative thoughts with positive ones.

3. Mindfulness Meditation: Introduce your child to mindfulness meditation as a way to cultivate awareness of their feelings and emotions.

4. Gratitude Journaling: Encourage your child to keep a daily gratitude journal where they write down things they are grateful for each day.

5. Art Therapy: Provide materials for your child to express their emotions through drawing, painting, or sculpting.

6. Physical Exercise: Promote physical activities like sports or yoga which encourage a release of emotions while building resilience.

7. Role-Playing: Use role-playing games where kids can act out different scenarios that require them to manage their feelings effectively.

8. Expressive Writing: Help your child write stories or poems about their feelings.

9. Feelings Check-In: Prioritize regular feelings check-ins with your child where they discuss their emotions openly without judgment.

10. Conflict Resolution Skills: Teach your child the importance of effective communication and negotiation during conflicts.

11. Empathy Building Exercises: Foster empathy through activities such as reading books or watching movies that focus on the experiences of others.

12. Emotional Intelligence Games: Use games centered around recognising and managing emotions.

13. Affirmations: Help your child develop a set of positive affirmations to repeat during difficult moments.

14. Progressive Muscle Relaxation: Show your child how to practice progressive muscle relaxation to relieve stress and tension.

15. Emotional Support Animals: Consider integrating an emotional support pet into your child’s life for comfort and companionship.

16. Laughter Yoga: Incorporate laughter yoga exercises to release tension and boost mood.

17. Music Therapy: Allow your child to explore different genres of music as a way to express their emotions.

18. Dance Therapy: Encourage your child to dance as a form of emotional release and self-expression.

19. Forgiveness Exercises: Teach your child the importance of forgiveness in resolving conflicts and moving on from difficult situations.

20. Nature Walks: Spend time outdoors with your child and discuss the calming effect of nature on their emotions.

21. Cooking/Baking: Bond with your child over preparing meals or baking treats and talk about how good it feels to accomplish something together.

22. Volunteering Activities: Volunteer with your child at local organizations, emphasizing the importance of giving back and helping others.

23. Teach Relaxation Techniques: Show your child various relaxation techniques, like visualization or deep breathing, for use during stressful moments.

24. Storytelling Sessions: Share personal stories with your child that illustrate how you’ve dealt with feelings in the past.

25. Problem-Solving Skills: Help your child develop strong problem-solving skills by working together on puzzles or brainstorming possible solutions to challenges.

26. Listening Skills: Foster active listening skills by holding regular conversations where each person takes turns speaking without interruption.

27. Social Connections: Encourage your child to build strong friendships and support networks for emotional well-being.

28. Consistent Routines & Boundaries: Establish consistent routines and healthy boundaries within the home that provide a sense of safety and stability.

Every father who shares a special bond with his daughter knows the importance of fostering a love for reading. Books can be a great way to instill values, teach life lessons, inspire dreams, and create lasting memories. With that in mind, we’ve compiled a list of 30 charming books perfect for dads looking to connect with their little girls.

1. “The Very Hungry Caterpillar” by Eric Carle

2. “Where the Wild Things Are” by Maurice Sendak

3. “Giraffes Can’t Dance” by Giles Andreae

4. “Corduroy” by Don Freeman

5. “Madeline” by Ludwig Bemelmans

6. “The Giving Tree” by Shel Silverstein

7. “Matilda” by Roald Dahl

8. “Bread and Jam for Frances” by Russell Hoban

9. “Stellaluna” by Janell Cannon

10. “The Paper Bag Princess” by Robert Munsch

11. “Guess How Much I Love You” by Sam McBratney

12. “Esperanza Rising” by Pam Muñoz Ryan

13. “Anne of Green Gables” by L.M. Montgomery

14. “Harriet the Spy” by Louise Fitzhugh

15. “Boxcar Children” series by Gertrude Chandler Warner

16. “Pippi Longstocking” by Astrid Lindgren

17. “A Wrinkle in Time” by Madeleine L’Engle

18. “Coraline” by Neil Gaiman

19. “”Little Women”” by Louisa May Alcott”

20. “”Island of the Blue Dolphins”” by Scott O’Dell”

21. “Ramona Quimby, Age 8” by Beverly Cleary

22. “A Series of Unfortunate Events” by Lemony Snicket

23. “The Secret Garden” by Frances Hodgson Burnett

24. “Eloise” by Kay Thompson

25. “Nancy Drew” series by Carolyn Keene

26. “Heidi” by Johanna Spyri

27. “Little House on the Prairie” by Laura Ingalls Wilder

28. “Charlotte’s Web” by E.B. White

29. “Frindle” by Andrew Clements

30. “Dolly Parton, Songteller: My Life in Lyrics” by Dolly Parton

These 30 charming selections cater to a variety of age groups, genres, and interests, ensuring that there’s something for every dad and daughter duo out there. From timeless classics to contemporary gems, these books will not only bring laughter and joy but also spark meaningful discussions and create cherished memories between fathers and daughters.

So pick up a book from this list, snuggle up with your little girl, and watch as her eyes light up with excitement as she embarks on a new adventure through the pages of a beloved story. Happy reading!

Introduction:

Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) is a type of cognitive-behavioral therapy that helps individuals learn ways to regulate and control their emotions while also improving communication skills. DBT is proven to be effective in treating various disorders, but it can also be beneficial for children in building emotional intelligence. Here are 25 DBT activities that can help raise emotionally intelligent kids:

1. Mindful breathing: Teach children to focus on their breath as a way to help them stay present and grounded in the moment.

2. Emotional check-ins: Regularly ask kids how they’re feeling and encourage them to tune into their emotions.

3. Safe space visualization: Guide kids through imagining a safe, comforting space when they feel overwhelmed.

4. Feelings identification: Provide flashcards with different emotions for children to practice identifying and naming their feelings.

5. Journaling: Encourage kids to write down their thoughts and feelings daily as a way of gaining self-awareness.

6. Gratitude practice: Prompt kids to reflect on what they are grateful for every day.

7. Coping skills toolbox: Create a “toolbox” filled with various coping strategies for kids to use when faced with challenging emotions.

8. Body scanning: Teach children to become aware of physical sensations in their body that might signal uncomfortable emotions.

9. Opposite action: Encourage kids to practice doing the opposite of what their intense emotional urges tell them (e.g., if they feel like isolating, encourage them to reach out for connection).

10. Distress tolerance: Teach children techniques such as counting backward or reciting the alphabet when experiencing distress.

11. Wise mind exercises: Help kids recognize the balance between emotion-driven thoughts and rational thinking (e.g., asking “What’s the evidence?” when experiencing negative thoughts).

12. Emotion regulation skills: Teach children to identify coping strategies for managing their emotions effectively.

13. Assertiveness training: Help kids develop the confidence to express their feelings and needs while respecting others.

14. Self-soothing techniques: Encourage children to find healthy ways to comfort themselves (e.g., listening to music or cuddling a soft toy).

15. Problem-solving skills: Assist kids in breaking down problems into smaller, manageable steps.

16. Mindfulness exercises: Introduce simple mindfulness activities, such as observing a raisin or focusing on colors in the environment.

17. Interpersonal effectiveness skills: Teach children about boundaries, friendliness, and respect within relationships.

18. Radical acceptance: Guide kids through accepting difficult situations without judgment or resistance.

19. Self-validation: Encourage children to recognize and validate their feelings and thoughts.

20. Time management: Help kids develop organizational skills that aid in balancing school, hobbies, and social life.

21. Sleep hygiene: Teach children about the importance of a consistent bedtime routine for better mental well-being.

22. Values clarification: Assist kids in determining their values and priorities to drive decision-making.

23. Emotional expression through art: Let children explore different forms of art as an outlet for emotions (e.g., drawing, painting, or dancing).

24. Role-playing scenarios: Engage kids in acting out conflict resolution and effective communication strategies in various situations.

25. Positive affirmations: Instruct children to repeat uplifting phrases and statements that can help improve self-esteem over time.

Incorporating these activities into your child’s daily routine can build emotional intelligence skills that will benefit them throughout life – giving them the tools required for navigating challenging emotions and fostering positive relationships with others.