Teaching Strategies, Tactics, and Methods

The largest muscle in the human body is: Gluteus Maximus

The gluteus maximus’ muscle volume is around 760cm². The bones nearest to it are the femur in your leg and the coccyx called the ‘tail bone.’

It is one of the strongest muscles in the body and the largest muscle in the human body. It has to be, as we rely on this muscle to help us walk and stay standing up. Without it, we would fall forward. The other two gluteus muscles, gluteus minimus, and gluteus medius, prevent us from falling sideways when standing up.

Another massive muscle within the human body is the quadriceps femoris. This muscle can be found at the top of each human thigh. It was previously thought of as four different muscles, but now it is regarded as a single muscle mass as it is connected to the same tendon.

More essential muscles in the body:

There are 600 muscles in the human body. So you’ve learned about the largest muscle in the human body, but what about the others?

What’s the tiniest muscle in the human body?

You can find the tiniest muscle in the human body in your ear. It’s called the stapedius, and it’s less than 1 millimeter long! This muscle controls the vibration of the smallest bone in the body, the stapes. This bone is known as ‘the stirrup’ due to its shape. They help to protect your inner ear from thunderous noises.

What’s the longest muscle in the human body?

The sartorius is a long, thin muscle found in your upper thigh. It stretches down the thigh length to the knee. The name sartorius comes from the Latin word for a tailor. Tailors used to be known for sitting in a cross-legged position, so the tailor’s muscle was named after this.

This muscle can move your knee and your hip. However, its actions are pretty weak, making it a synergist muscle. This means it acts around a joint to help another kind of muscle called an agonist’s muscle. Synergist muscles can also counter or help neutralize an agonist muscle’s force. They are called neutralizers when they do this.

What’s the most powerful muscle in the human body?

Knowing which muscle is the strongest or most powerful is challenging, as strength can be measured differently. Some muscles are vital in terms of endurance, and some in terms of absolute power or dynamic force.

Based on absolute strength, the human body’s strongest muscle is the masseter. There’s one of these muscles on each side of your jaw. Their job is to lift your lower jaw and close your mouth. This is important for chewing so that we can eat!

Your masseter works with three other muscles: the temporalis, the lateral pterygoid, and the medial pterygoid. When these work together, you can generate a potent bite force.

What’s the broadest muscle in the human body?

The broadest muscle in your body is the latissimus dorsi. These muscles are fan-like and are found in your back’s lower and middle sections. These muscles help with lots of different shoulder movements. They also help you when you are breathing deeply.

What’s the busiest muscle in the human body?

The muscles in your eye are the most active muscles. They must be moving almost constantly to readjust the position of your eyes. They even keep moving when you’re asleep! Unfortunately, we also blink around 20 times per minute when awake, so we don’t get much time to rest.

What’s the most complex working muscle in the human body?

Your heart works hard every day, making it the most complex working muscle in our bodies. Your heart beats around 100,000 times a day. It pumps out about 50-60 milliliters of blood with every heartbeat. So it will beat about 3 billion times during your lifetime. That’s a lot of heartbeats!

A vertex in maths is an angular corner where two or more lines or edges meet between faces.

You can find a vertex in 2D shapes, like pentagons and squares, or in 3D shapes, like pyramids and cuboids.

The word ‘vertices’ is the plural of ‘vertex.’

Example of vertex: maths diagrams

Other Examples

The vertex of an angle

The vertex of an angle in maths is the point at which two lines, or rays, come together.

What is a number bond?

What is a number bond? It’s simple. Number bonds are pairs of numbers that are added to make another number. Because of this, they are often referred to as number pairs. They are perfect for helping children quickly solve addition and subtraction questions and assisting them with their timetables.

They are sometimes taught using diagrams.

Why teach number bonds?

Number bonds are a fantastic tool for helping children with maths as they apply it to various topics, such as times tables, addition, and subtraction. Encouraging children to memorize number bonds to 10 can help them solve simple addition and subtraction sums much quicker and more confidently.

Teaching number bonds will help children to build a strong sense of the relationships between different numbers. If they can recall these from memory, it will give them a significant advantage in tests and assessments.

Benefits of number bonds:

• Essential in helping children get comfortable with mental arithmetic
• Make using inverse operations easier
• Help with everyday mental arithmetic as an adult
• Easy to memorize and will have a significant impact

Number bond examples

Below are some examples of number bonds for different numbers.

• Number bonds to 5:

1 and 4

2 and 3

• Number bonds to 10:

9 and 1

8 and 2

7 and 3

6 and 4

5 and 5

• Number bonds to 20:

19 and 1

18 and 2

17 and 3

16 and 4

15 and 5

14 and 6

13 and 7

12 and 8

11 and 9

10 and 10

These number pairs work as simple addition sums.

They can also be completed through number bond diagrams, like the ones below.

To start with, just what is a suffix?

A suffix is a string of letters at the end of a root word, changing or adding to its meaning. They’re one of the two main types of affixes and prefixes, which are groups of letters at the front of a word that modifies its meaning.

In English, suffixes can also show if a word is a noun, verb, adjective, or adverb.

What are some examples of suffixes?

Now that we’ve answered the question of ‘what is a suffix?’, we should see them in action. Some common examples of suffixes include -able, -al, er, est, ful, and ible. All of these can be attached to the end of a root word to change it somehow.

Below, we’ve included examples of suffixes across several different word classes. Because there are so many different suffixes, teaching suffixes in groups or groups of words with one suffix will make it easier for kids to learn them. In addition, as you introduce some of these suffixes, you could encourage your learners to try attaching them or applying them to different words.

1. Common verb suffixes

Verbs are typically defined as ‘action words’ that show action or a state of being and can often be recognized by their position in a sentence. Common verb suffixes are therefore used to describe an action that happens in the past, present, or future.

Suffix	Meaning	Example
-ed	past tense of a verb	jumped
-en	Become	soften
-ing	present tense of a verb	walking
-er	Comparative	bigger
-ise	to cause or become	popularise

2. 
   Common adverb suffixes

Adverbs have a similar name to verbs but a different function: they describe how an action is carried out. Adverbs can change or add detail to a verb, adjective, or whole clause. The common adverb suffixes below can be used to suggest how several actions occur, for example, quickly or slowly.

Suffix	Meaning	Example
-ly	the manner something is done	quickly
-ward	in a certain direction	forward
-wise	about	clockwise

3. 
   Common adjective suffixes

An adjective is also known as a describing word. Adjectives are a necessary form of expression in descriptive writing. They provide vital details that help a reader visualize and comprehend a subject. Common adjective suffixes, therefore, show more detail for the reader.

Suffix	Meaning	Example
-al	about	accidental
-able, -ible	capable of being	comfortable, incredible
-ant	inclined to or tending to	brilliant
-ary	of or relating to	planetary
-ful	full of	beautiful
-ic	relating to	organic
-ious, -ous	having qualities of	delicious, fabulous
-ive	quality or nature of	creative
-less	without something	thoughtless
-y	made up of or characterized by	tasty

4. 
   Common noun suffixes

A noun is a naming word for things, animals, people, places, and feelings. Nouns are also the building blocks for most sentences. Knowing various nouns allows people to communicate their ideas better and more precisely. Here are some commonly used noun suffixes and what they mean.

Suffix	Meaning	Example
-ness	a state or quality	happiness
-ment	action or result of	enjoyment
-eer	engaged in something, associated with something	volunteer
-er	someone who performs as an actor	dancer
-ion	the action or process of	celebration
-ity	the state or condition of	equality
-or	a person who is something	investigator
-sion	state or being	confusion
-ship	position held	internship
-th	state or quality	warmth

What are suffix spelling rules?

Hopefully, looking at those examples has given you a better idea of ‘what is a suffix?’. If you are teaching pupils how to add suffixes to words in the classroom, there are also a few spelling rules to help your little ones perfect their new vocabulary.

For example, adding a suffix to some words can change the spelling of the new term. Children will be taught the rules attached to certain suffixes. For example, when using the suffix -er, the spelling changes according to the root word.

Here’s a breakdown of just some of the essential rules to keep in mind when your learners are adding suffixes to the ends of root words:

• If a word has a short vowel sound and only one consonant, we often double up the last letter before adding a suffix. For instance, ‘fit’ becomes ‘fitter’ when we add the -er suffix and ‘drip’ becomes ‘dripping’ once the -ing suffix is attached.
• Another fundamental rule is that if a word ends in two consonants, then we often add the suffix as is. So, for example, we can stick ‘er’ to the end of ‘walk’ to form ‘walker’ since the root word has two consonants at the end.
• If a word ends in a consonant followed by a ‘y’, then we tend to get rid of the ‘y’ and add an ‘I’ to the end before attaching the suffix. So, for instance, the words ‘happy’ and ‘silly’ become ‘happier’ and ‘sillier’ when we attach -er.
• Another essential rule is that when a word ends with a silent ‘e,’ we often drop the ‘e’ when adding a suffix. For instance, ‘have’ becomes ‘having.’

Of course, there are lots of tricky exceptions that don’t fit these rules, and children might start to notice these when some words don’t sound quite right when suffixes are attached according to these rules. So it’s important to make kids aware of these exceptions and support them in memorizing them.

Three Layers of the Ocean

The three primary ocean layers include the epipelagic zone, the mesopelagic zone, and the bathypelagic zone.

Our oceans cover approximately 70 percent of the Earth’s surface and are huge. The Pacific Ocean, for example, stretches for about 165 million square kilometers. It might not be a surprise then that humans have only discovered 5 percent of these vast stretches of water; who knows what more ocean secrets will be uncovered as scientific advances allow us to push further into the unknown.

What we do know is that our oceans are deep. The deepest part can be found in the Pacific Ocean at Challenger Deep, reaching over 11,000 meters. Oceanographers have split the ocean’s depths into different zones from the surface down to the ocean bed.

Here’s a rundown of the three main layers of the ocean and a few others you may not have heard of.

Epipelagic Zone (0-200m)

The Epipelagic Zone is known as the Sunlight Zone. You’ll find most organisms living here because, as the name suggests, you’ll find the most sunlight! Animals that enjoy hanging out at these depths are seals, dolphins, various species of fish, coral, jellyfish, and lots more. As sunlight can penetrate the waters, photosynthesis can occur so plants can grow.

We humans can reach up to 40-50 meters with diving equipment, and the pressure is the same as a 1kg weight on your fingernail.

Mesopelagic Zone (200-1000m)

Deeper down, we enter the Mesopelagic Zone, also known as the Twilight Zone. Animals such as whales, swordfish, shrimps, and octopuses live in these depths. The absence of sunlight means no plants can grow, as photosynthesis can’t occur. The pressure at these depths has now increased to equal a 29-88 kg weight on your fingernail!

You may bump into a few sea sponges at these depths, a unique marine animal around 600 million years old. Many people think that sea sponges are plants, but they’re, in fact, animals – sessile (non-moving) animals, to be specific.

Bathypelagic Zone (1000-4000m)

Also known as the Midnight Zone, at this depth, the sunlight cannot penetrate at all, which means that the animals at this depth will need to generate their light. To put it into perspective, the Titanic, a doomed ocean liner that sank in 1912, rests at 3,800 meters! Humans cannot reach these depths without the help of some pretty advanced equipment. The pressure in the Midnight Zone is the same as a 100kg-393 kg weight on your fingernail!

We mentioned animals producing their light earlier. Well, here’s an example: the Anglerfish. These scary-looking creatures are notable for their bioluminescent lure hanging over their gaping mouths, attracting prey – a biological feature only found in females. There are around 200 species of Anglerfish in the world.

 

Abyssopelagic Zone (4000-6000m)

Also known as the Lower Midnight Zone, temperatures at this depth are freezing; just like the Midnight Zone above, it’s pitch black. By now, we’ve reached the ocean floor, home to more weird and wonderful creatures like the Vampire Squid and the Dumbo Octopus. The Lower Midnight Zone is the most extensive environment on the planet. The pressure at these depths has increased to 400-590 kg on your fingernail!

Fear not, the Vampire Squid only feels at home in deep-sea conditions and looks like a cross between an octopus and a squid; despite their scary-looking appearance, they’re the opposite, spending their time combing the depths for plankton.

Hadopelagic Zone (Lower than 6000m)

Believe it or not, we don’t stop there. The Hadopelagic Zone, also known as The Trenches, can stretch more than 6000 meters deep. The Challenger Deep is the deepest known point in our ocean, reaching over 11,000 meters. The pressure at these depths is the same as resting a 600-100 kg weight on your fingernail!

You’ll find the rat-tailed fish at these depths, a species of deep-sea fish that swims along the bottom of the ocean. As it’s blind, it relies on its other senses to catch food; its nose is tuned in to the smell of animal carcasses, and it has small barbels to attract other tasty morsels such as crustaceans and worms.

What is an idiom? An idiom is a group of words with a symbolic, non-literal meaning which can’t be deciphered by looking at its terms. In many cases, idioms started with literal meanings but lost them as they moved away from their origins. A typical example of an idiom is ‘give up.’

What is an idiom?

To start with, just what is an idiom? While we might not be familiar with this term, the chances are we use them quite a bit in our day-to-day interactions.

An idiom is a common phrase with a meaning that cannot be understood by looking at its words. They are those funny parts of our everyday speech that we use to communicate thoughts, ideas, and feelings without referring to them literally. It’s a figurative language alongside metaphors, similes, and hyperbole.

Ever said to a friend, ‘I’m feeling a bit under the weather today’? That’s an idiom. It tells the listener how you’re feeling despite no direct mention of illness in the phrase itself.

And that’s just one example – there are thousands more. There are thought to be around 25,000 idioms in the English language alone!

What are ten good examples of idioms?

Now that we’ve figured out ‘what is an idiom?’, let’s strengthen our knowledge with a few practical examples. Here are some common examples of idioms you can share with your pupils in the classroom.

1. Mad as a hatter
2. It’s raining cats and dogs
3. A piece of cake
4. The rule of thumb
5. Blow off some steam
6. Don’t put all of your eggs in one basket
7. It’s water under the bridge
8. Call it a day
9. Hit the hay
10. Miss the boat

While most of us may have heard of some of these common idioms, we must be careful with how and when we use them in the classroom. The figurative language of idioms can mean that their meanings can feel confusing or become lost in translation.

How do idioms get their meanings?

We’ve figured out ‘what is an idiom?’ and even looked at some practical examples, but where do they come from?

Some idiomatic phrases can be traced back to literal roots. For example, the idiom ‘spill the beans‘ originated from an Ancient Greek vote-counting system. But many idioms have unclear beginnings, including ‘it’s raining cats and dogs.’

Take a look at the meanings and origins of seven commonly used idioms below:

Run-of-the-mill. Used to describe something ordinary. This idiom originated in mills and factories in the 20th century. Then, it was used to refer to goods that were neither excellent nor poor quality.

At the drop of a hat. Meaning to do something suddenly or immediately. Like many idioms, there are a few theories on where this originated. One idea is that it comes from the 18th-century practice of dropping a hat to signal the start of a street fight.

Out of the blue. A sudden surprise or unexpected occurrence.

At sixes and sevens. Used to describe a state of confusion or panic. Originated from a 14th-century dice game.

A storm in a teacup. To make a big deal out of something trivial. The U.S. variant of this idiom is a tempest in a teapot.

Straight from the horse’s mouth. Meaning to hear from a dependable source. This idiom goes back to the 1800s when trainers would inspect horses’ teeth to check their health the day before a big race.

Let the cat out of the bag. To disclose a secret. This one originated in livestock markets in the 16th century. When live piglets were sold, they were placed in sacks for easy transportation. Some unscrupulous traders would sneakily replace piglets with cats while no one was looking. Buyers would only realize they’d been had when they got home and, you guessed it, let the cat out of the bag.

Why do we use idioms?

We now know ‘what is an idiom?’, but why do we use them first? After all, it would be much more straightforward to say our ideas or feelings in literal terms, right?

Since idioms are a type of figurative language, they can help to make our writing more interesting. They express an idea unusually or imaginatively, making it more engaging for the reader.

Idioms can help make our writing more informal and familiar if that’s the tone you’re going for. If you’re working on a piece of fiction, then idioms can make characters and their dialogue seem more authentic and realistic.

Idioms also allow us to explain a complex idea more succinctly!

When shouldn’t we use idioms?

Just as crucial as understanding ‘what is an idiom?’ is knowing when to use them most effectively and when not. Idioms express something utterly different from what the words mean, so we must be careful about when and where we use them.

Typically, we wouldn’t use idioms in more formal situations, such as an essential essay. This is because idioms tend to be considered informal – something you say casually with friends and family.

We should also be careful about idioms when speaking to non-English speakers. They might understand the literal translation of the idiom but not the underlying message of what you’re trying to say. This can make things needlessly confusing!

What Is The Definition Of A Reflex Angle?

A reflex angle is any more than 180 degrees (half circle) and less than 360 degrees (full circle). A reflex angle always has either an obtuse or an acute angle on the other side.

It can be one of the more confusing angles because it’s on the ‘outside’ of the angle.

How Can I remember What A Reflex Angle Is?

Think of the angle your leg can make.

It will either be straight out (180) or bent at a reflex angle (the angle from your thigh to your shin).

How Do You Measure A Reflex Angle?

The first thing to do when measuring a reflex angle is to ensure that it is what you are being asked to measure. It’s easy to accidentally measure the other side and give the answer of an acute or obtuse angle!

There are two ways to measure a reflex angle:

1. Measure the inner angle and then subtract it from 360.
2. Use a full-circle protractor.

How Does A Reflex Angle Compare To Other Angles?

An acute angle measures under 90 degrees.

A right angle is always 90 degrees.

An obtuse angle is always between 90 degrees and 180 degrees.

A straight angle is always 180 degrees (a straight line).

A reflex angle is between 180 and 360.

A flower is the bloom or blossom of a plant. The flower is the part of a plant that produces seeds, eventually becoming other flowers. This is thanks to pollination, carried out by insects or the wind. Every type of flower is different in color, smell, shape, and size. Flowers need food and sunlight to survive, making their food/energy through photosynthesis.

There are so many different species of flowers in the world no one knows an exact number, but the closest estimate is somewhere between 250,000 and 400,000 species.

What are the Different Parts of a Flower?

Though flowers differ widely in appearance, a few characteristics remain the same. Here are the main parts of a flower and their functions.

• • Sepal: this protects the unopened flower. It appears green and leaf-like. However, certain flowers, such as orchids and lilies, are the same color as the petals and are tricky to identify.
  • Ovule: this produces and holds the female reproductive cells. They behave like eggs in the ovary of the flower.
  • Filament: this holds up the anther of a flower and appears long and stalk-like. It is contained within the stamen and supports the anther.
  • Anther: this is necessary for reproduction. When producing pollen for the ovule, it is known as the male part of the flower.
  • Style: this connects the stigma to the ovary. It assists reproduction by providing a tube for pollen to travel to the egg and fertilize it.
  • Stigma: this receives and collects pollen grains. The Stigma begins the fertilization process and is the top of the female part of a flower.
  • Petal: These are usually brightly colored to make them attractive to insects.

Why do People Give Flowers to Each Other?

For many years, flowers have been given as gifts at birthdays, weddings, ceremonies, and celebrations. Ancient Greeks, Romans, Chinese, and Egyptians are said to have attributed special significance to them.

• Roses are often given at weddings due to traditionally symbolizing ‘love and beauty.’
• Lilies are traditionally brought to funerals. They symbolize the departed’s soul alongside the hope of new life.

Floriography is the language of flowers. Over time this has drastically changed, with the Ancient Greeks believing flowers were associated with the Gods, Victorians believing that every flower had its meaning, and present flowers expressing anything from sympathy to love.

10 Fun Flower Facts for Children

A lovely way to introduce this topic could be by sharing some quick flower facts for children in your class. This could set the tone of the lesson, add a theme of nature and even inspire pupils to learn more about flowers.

• Roses are the most popular in the UK, with around 200-300 million roses grown for Valentine’s Day alone.
• For the United Kingdom, red roses are the national emblem of England, thistles are Scotland’s, and for Wales, it’s daffodils.
• The UK flower industry is undoubtedly growing, worth around £121 million in 2019, compared to £82 million in 2015.
• Japan calls it’s country’s language of flowers, Hanakotoba.
• Cherry blossoms are the most significant flower in Japan, with a festival dedicated to them once a year in Spring. This festival is also known as the Sakura festival. This is due to the blooming of the cherry blossom tree being called Sakura in Japanese.
• For a certain amount of time in the Netherlands, tulips were more valuable than gold. They are still widely grown here today and generate lots of tourism.
• This period in the Netherlands was called ‘Tulip Mania,’ during the Dutch Golden Age (1581-1672). One tulip would be the exact cost of a house on the canals in Amsterdam!
• The RHS Flower Show has been happening every year in London since 1804. It is also known as the Great Spring Show.
• The World’s largest indoor flower show is in Pennsylvania, called the Philadelphia Flower Show. Around a quarter of a million people attended, with the first event happening in 1829.
• Sunflowers flower the sun in a process that is known as Heliotropism.

Right Angle

A right angle is an angle measuring exactly 90°. Right angles are mathematically significant to topics such as geometry and trigonometry.

A most common form of a right angle, or 90° angle, includes two perpendicular lines meeting at an apex. This forms a perfect ‘L’ or corner shape.

Right angles are represented with a square, unlike those depicted in Mathematics with a curved line. Knowing that one angle is a right angle can allow Maths students to calculate different angles within a shape.

Why is a 90° angle called a Right Angle?

The name comes from the fact that when two straight lines intersect, they form two angles. If the two angles are equal, this is a ‘just’ or ‘right’ situation. Hence, they’re referred to as ‘right’ angles. In ancient geometry, ‘right’ also refers to the fact that two straight lines form them.

Right Angles in Angles and Trigonometry

Right angles are an essential feature in several Maths topics. For example, knowing how many degrees are in a right angle can help your class when finding and calculating missing angle questions.

For instance, the interior angles of a quadrilateral always equal 360° while the interior angles of a triangle always equal 180°. With this knowledge, your KS1 Maths students can estimate and calculate the remaining angles if they know that one or more are right angles.

Right angles are also used throughout a child’s learning journey and have many real-life applications. For example, you wouldn’t want the edges of a door or window to be anything other than a 90° angle!

How to Measure a Right Angle

If right angles are not marked on a Maths problem or worksheet, your students may need to measure them by hand.

This must be done with either a 180 or 360 protractor. This mathematical instrument measures angles, generally made from transparent plastic or glass. Some even have moving parts to make the measuring process more accessible.

Protractor skills are valuable in the study of Maths. To measure a right angle, students must line up the axis of the protractor with the apex of the two connecting lines of an angle.

• If the measurement equals 90°, then this is a right angle.

• If the angle exceeds 90°, it is an obtuse angle.

• If the angle is less than 90°, it is acute.

• If the angle exceeds 180°, then it is a reflex angle.

• If the angle is exactly equal to 180°, then it is a straight angle or half-turn.

What is an organ?

Humans are multicellular organisms. This means that we are made up of billions and billions of tiny cells (like all other plants and animals on Earth). Each cell has a job, and they combine to create organs, muscles, and body parts.

• Cells are the basic unit of all life.
• When a group of cells works together to carry out a particular function, it is called tissue. For example, muscle tissue or brain tissue.
• An organ is the name of a group of different tissues working together to perform a job inside the body.
• Organs are grouped into organ systems – for example, the digestive system.

From largest to smallest, we can move down the hierarchy of the human body: The digestive system is made up of organs (like the intestine and liver), and those organs are made up of different tissues, and those tissues are made up of different cells.

How many organs are in the human body?

You would think that scientists agree on how many organs are in the human body, but some disagree over what counts as an organ. For example, do you count each tooth individually or as a set? Also, there are over 200 bones in the human body, is each counted once or as the whole system once?

Science is a continued discussion, so this question poses a great prompt to ask children what they think!

Though, the majority of scientists are in agreement that there are 78 human body organs.

Which human body organs do children learn about?

Through primary school learning, children will focus on the principal organs of the human body. These are the organs that carry out the body’s primary functions that we talk about in day-to-day life – from eating and digesting our food to moving around and thinking, feeling, and breathing.

A list of the main organs in the human body:

Kidneys

The kidney is a small organ; well, it is a pair. They are small; bean-shaped organs tucked into our abdomen’s sides.

The kidney is one of the most vital organs in our bodies; it is thought to be as important as the heart. The human body needs at least one kidney to survive. They are about 13 cm long and sit on each side of the lower back. One of the jobs of the kidneys is to filter out the waste in our blood. This waste is usually nutrients that our body already has enough of. This waste then travels to the bladder to be removed.

Skin

The skin is the largest human body organ and even rebuilds itself. The skin is constantly removing old cells and replacing them with brand-new cells. Every minute of the day, we lose about 30,000 to 40,000 dead skin cells from the surface of our skin.

The skin is the organ that allows us to have a sense of touch and helps to keep our body at just the right temperature. It is rugged, waterproof, and covers everything inside the body.

Heart

The heart is one of the essential organs in our bodies. It is the pump that allows blood to flow around your body. It is located in the center of the chest and is about the size of your fist. Not only that, but it pumps blood around each of the veins and arteries of your body to ensure that each muscle and organ is provided with oxygen and nutrients.

Liver

Our liver is located in the upper right of our abdomens and has around 500 functions! A few parts are that it stores energy in glycogen, cleans the blood in your body, and produces the fluid used to digest food.

Lungs

The lungs make use of the ample space behind our breastplate and ribcage. They expand and contract as they fill with air and as it is breathed out again. The lungs allow you to inhale and exhale. Breathing in allows fresh air and oxygen to enter your blood, and breathing out removes stale air, made up of carbon dioxide, from your blood.

Trachea

The trachea, also known as the windpipe, is a hollow tube that connects our lungs to the nose and mouth. It includes the voice box (known as the larynx), which allows us to use air to make different sounds.

The trachea allows air to flow easily from our nose and mouth to our lungs and back out.

Keep reading to find a human body organ diagram!

Brain

The brain is located inside our skull, at the top of our heads, and it is like a central computer for all the other functions in our body. The organ sends messages to the rest of the body (using the spinal cord to send the message incredibly quickly). Without the brain, all your muscles and organs would not function. So to protect the brain, we have the skull, a thick solid plate of bone, and a fluid surrounding it.

The brain has specific areas that complete different tasks in the body, such as helping us understand language, helping us move, and even helping us control all of those functions that we don’t think about (breathing, blinking, and digesting food).

Stomach

The stomach is a large processor of food and liquid in the body. Within the stomach, food is broken down into smaller pieces that are easier for the body to digest fully.

In terms of appearance, the stomach is ‘J’ shaped and is located near the top of the abdomen. Once a person swallows their food, it goes down to the stomach. This journey involves moving down the throat and into the esophagus. Once it has reached the end of the esophagus, the food enters the stomach.

A bunch of super strong muscles around the stomach walls helps break down and digest food. Moreover, within the lumen lining in certain stomach parts, a range of enzymes help with food digestion. Different enzymes are assigned to break down various components of food. For instance:

• Amylase enzymes break down carbohydrates and starches
• Protease enzymes break down proteins
• Lipase enzymes break down fats
• Maltase enzymes are released in the small intestine, not the stomach, but they break down maltose, malt sugar, into glucose, a simple sugar. The body then uses this simple sugar for energy.
• Lactase enzymes break down lactose, a sugar found in dairy products. The body turns lactose into glucose and galactose, which are simple sugars.

The stomach can be broken down into five main sections. These are as follows:

1. The cardia: This stomach area is located just below the esophagus. The cardiac sphincter is found in this area, which stops food from flowing back up the esophagus and into the mouth. Without this sphincter, we would choke.
2. The fundus: This stomach area is located to the left of the cardia and underneath the diaphragm. The fundus is responsible for collecting digestive gases.
3. The body: This is the largest area of the stomach. In the stomach’s body, food starts to be broken down into smaller, digestible pieces.
4. The antrum: This is located in the lower region of the stomach. This part of the stomach hold partially digested food before it travels to the small intestine.
5. The pylorus: The pylorus connects the stomach to the small intestine. The pyloric sphincter is located in this stomach area and controls when and how much stomach content travels into the small intestine.

Small Intestine

The small intestine is a narrow, coiled-up tube (around six to seven meters long) that connects to the stomach and absorbs nutrients from the food after leaving it.

Large Intestine

Water and food that cannot be digested are passed from the small intestine into the large intestine, turning them into waste. The large intestine is around 1.5 meters long.

Bladder

The bladder is a bag that collects the urine that leaves the kidneys. When the bladder is complete, it sends a message to the brain, and you go to the toilet. Drinking plenty of water and avoiding rich foods will help keep the bladder and kidneys in good condition.

Where are the organs in the human body?

Each of the organs in the human body organs diagram below is organized into different organ systems. In each system, the organs that belong to it work together to perform a particular function.

The organ systems in the body are:

Circulatory System

Within the circulatory system, there are the following organs:

• Heart
• Blood vessels (arteries and veins)
• The blood

The circulatory system plays a vital role in keeping us alive, as it transports oxygen and nutrients throughout the body via the blood. This system also removes carbon dioxide and other waste products from the body.

Lymphatic System

The lymphatic system is also involved in transporting fluid around the body. Instead of blood, this system transports a fluid called lymph using the following organs:

• Lymph vessels
• Lymph nodes
• Lymph ducts
• Various glands

The purpose of the lymphatic system is to boost the body’s immunity, regulate blood pressure, and aid digestion. The lymphatic system also acts as the drainage system for the body, taking any excess fluid, proteins, fats, bacteria, and other substances away from the cells and spaces between cells.

Respiratory System

When we think of the respiratory system, we tend to think of breathing, but this system has many other functions. The organs within the respiratory system are:

• Lungs
• Trachea (windpipe)
• Airways of the respiratory tree

As mentioned, the respiratory system controls the body’s breathing. It also transports oxygen and carbon dioxide in and out of the bloodstream in a process called respiration.

Another lesser-known function of the respiratory system is to help regulate the body’s pH balance, i.e., the body’s balance of acids and bases.

Integumentary System

This is one of the body’s organ systems that people often forget about; however, it plays a crucial role in keeping the body running smoothly. The integumentary system includes the skin and all of the structures within it. The organs that make up the integumentary system are:

• Sweat glands
• Hair follicles
• Nails
• Nerves

A fun fact about the integumentary system is that it is the only single-organ system. This is because the skin is an organ and the entire organ system.

Endocrine System

The endocrine system comprises the body’s glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream. Along with the nervous system, the endocrine system is regarded as one of the most complex systems in the body,

The endocrine system is responsible for regulating the body’s metabolism and using the products of digestion.

Digestive System

The digestive system, also known as the gastrointestinal system, is commonly referred to as the gut. Within this organ system are all the organs that transport food from where it enters the body to where it exits it. These organs are:

• Oesophagus
• Stomach
• Intestines

Urinary System

The urinary system, which is also known as the excretory system, contains the following organs:

• Kidneys
• Ureters
• Bladder
• Urethra

This organ system filters blood and removes toxins and waste from tissues. It also removes any excess fluid and aids in regulating the body’s blood pressure.

Musculoskeletal System

The following organs are included in the musculoskeletal system:

• Skeleton
• All the muscles, tendons, and ligaments attached to it

The musculoskeletal system is crucial in the human body as it provides the framework and fuel for our movement, posture, and physical abilities.

There are three different types of muscles in the body. They are:

• Skeletal – voluntary
• Smooth – involuntary (these are inside walls of organs such as the intestines)
• Cardiac – heart muscle

Nervous System

The nervous system is highly complex, made up solely of tissue that isn’t fed directly through contact with blood. The organs within the nervous system are:

• Brain
• Spinal cord
• All of the nerves connected to both of these organs

Reproductive System

The reproductive system is unique as it is the only system split into two parts. Half of us have female genitals, and the other half have male genitals. This means that the reproductive organ system is not complete in one body.

Immune System

All of the organs within the immune system are borrowed from other body organ systems. The primary organs that make up the immune system are:

• Lymph nodes
• Bone marrow
• Thymus
• Spleen
• Adenoids
• Tonsils
• Skin

As there is a great deal of overlap between the organs of various other systems and the immune system, it is one of the most complicated systems in the body.